Previous studies have demonstrated that higher CRP or lower ALB levels suggest a higher incidence of contrast agent-induced nephropathy. Moreover, it has been proved that decreased ALB is associated with an inflammatory response. Albumin (ALB), the most abundant protein in plasma, is an indicator of human nutritional status and has also been reported to be associated with AKI.
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C-reactive protein (CRP), an essential major acute-phase protein, is the most commonly clinically used to reflect inflammation because the release of inflammatory cytokines causes its increased concentration and is associated with AKI mortality. Among them, inflammation plays a key role. Common causes of AKI include systemic inflammatory process, decreased kidney perfusion, obstruction of the urinary tract, and renal toxicity. ĪKI is a complex disease with multiple etiologies and risk factors, usually following other acute and chronic conditions. Given the high incidence and mortality of AKI, researchers actively investigate the various factors associated with AKI's occurrence and prognosis to take effective interventional measures to improve survival in the early stage.
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Moreover, surviving patients often fail to recover renal function and require lifelong renal replacement therapy, severely reducing their quality of life and increasing the financial burden. The incidence of AKI in patients admitted to ICU is reported to be 36%, with a higher mortality rate of 60-70%. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a severe clinical syndrome characterized by a rapid decline in renal function due to multiple causes with a higher incidence of morbidity and mortality, especially in patients admitted to intensive care units (ICU).